Tuesday, March 31, 2020

Joseph Ware Tapp part 8 1920s

Joseph Ware Tapp 1920s

1920 Federal Census, Alden Illinois
1921 Warren G. Harding is President
1922 daughter Olive weds Richard Woods
1923 Calvin Coolidge becomes president after Harding is assassinated
1924 Joseph Ware Tapp dies in McHenry County Illinois.


Clip Art, Liberty Bell

1920

Federal Census, Alden, McHenry County, Illinois.  Joseph is a married dairy farmer, renting his home but working on his own account.  He is 62 years old, and living with his wife Laura, daughters Olive and Grace (my grandmother), twins Harold and Helen, and son Glenn.


Joseph Ware Tapp 1920 Census
Alden, McHenry County, Illinois

You can see below, McHenry County is the very uppermost part of the state, and quite close to the Great Lake.   In the next image, you can see Alden Township butts up against the Wisconsin/Illinois border.
McHenry County's location in Illinois
(Wikipedia -- Alden IL, 2018)
Location in McHenry County
(Wikipedia -- Alden IL, 2018)

The images below are from Google Maps.  The first one you can see where Alden is in relation to Chicago.  The second one is a bit closer.  What I found interesting is that the Tapp farm is close to my grandparents August and Grace Tapp Wenkel lived, on Wonder Lake.  I'd also heard of Crystal Lake a lot as I lived with them for a year while my Dad was stationed in Viet Nam.
Google Maps
Google Maps




1921 Pepsodent, Evening Public Ledger
November, chroniclingamerica.loc.gov


1921

Warren G. Harding becomes the 29th President of the United States

He served from 1921 until his death in 1923.  He was a Republican.  At that time, he was one of the most popular US Presidents, but the subsequent exposure of scandals that took place under his administration, and an affair eroded his popular regard.  Harding is often rated among the worst US Presidents (Wikipedia -- Harding, 2018).

 (Wikipedia -- Harding, 2018)


Quote:  "I don't know much about Americanism, but it's a damn good word with which to carry an election" -- Warren G. Harding (Harding, 2018).

In other news: -- Women receive the right to vote (US Suffrage); Palestine is established;  Roaring 20s begins with prosperity for nearly everyone (OurTimelines.com, 2018).


1921 Pepsodent, Evening Public Ledger
Philadelphia PA October 1921 pg19
from chroniclingamerica.loc.gov


1922

Below is a screen shot for the marriage of his daughter Olive to Richard Woods in McHenry County Illinois.    I don't know much of her history, yet, but you can find her Ancestry Profile here.

(Illinois County Marriage Records, 1922)



In other news: -- Insulin is developed, saving lives of countless diabetics (OurTimelines.com, 2018).


(The Lynden Tribune, Lynden, Washington, 1921)



1923

Calvin Coolidge becomes the 30th President of the United States from 1923 to 1929

He was a Republican, Massachusetts governor, and Vice President, becoming President with the death of Warren G. Harding in 1923.  He was elected in his own right in 1924.  He said very little, although he had a rather dry sense of humor (Wikipedia -- Coolidge, 2018).

(Wikipedia -- Harding, 2018)

President Harding Quote -- "I don't know what to do or where to turn in this taxation matter.  Somewhere there must be a book that tells all about it, where I could go to straighten it out in my mind.  But I don't know where the book is, and maybe I couldn't read it if I found it" -- (Harding, 2018).



Grover Cleveland Stamp
(Wikipedia -- Harding, 2018}







(The Lynden Tribune, Lynden, Washington, 1921)


1924

Joseph Ware Tapp dies in Elgin, Kane County, Illinois.  His residence at the time of death is listed as Harvard, McHenry County, Illinois.  His wife, Laura Swope Tapp, lived for another 30 years before her death in 1954 in Beloit, Wisconsin.  Joseph was only 67 years old.  I don't know exactly what he died from, but here is an obituary of sorts found on Find a Grave, with link here.

Joseph W. Tapp, 67, passed away at Elgin State Hospital after an illness that had its inception five years before when he was afflicted with a partial stroke. He was unable to recover from this visitation and his physical powers waned. He was survived by his wife, Laura Swope, and eight children, 11 grandchildren, 1 sister and 3 brothers (Everett, 2007). 
Knowing how stroke affects people, I can make an educated guess.  Joseph was a farmer.  The typical farmer is quite independent, and he most likely could not do the things he used to do.  He became dependent on his wife and family.  It is highly possible, I suppose, that he may have willed himself to die.  If you know more about this, contact me using the form on the right.

Images from Google Maps are of where 2 South Jefferson should be.  I can't find a house, but to be honest, at the time I searched for the address, December 2019, the navigation on the street view was awful and un-navigable.  Oh, well, here is what I have.

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 death google maps
Red is his address in 1924
Blue is Alden where he'd worked the farm

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 death google satellite map

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 death google street view


Images below are from Ancestry.com.    Apparently, I've started to apply for death certificate for my great grandfather, but I failed to send it in.  Good thing this blog is here to help me fill in most if not all the gaps!  I'll update if and when it becomes available.

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 Death index

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 death notice
Andectry.com

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 Find a Grave screen shot
(Everett, 2007)

Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 gravestone
(Everett, 2007)



Joseph Ware Tapp 1924 gravestone 2
(Everett, 2007)



Joseph Ware Tapp on Ancestry.com link
Joseph Ware Tapp on WikiTree.com link
Joseph Ware Tapp on Geni.com link

More information on Elgin State Hospital.  It was essentially a multi-purpose facility, treating not only mental illness, but also tuberculosis patients and it provided federally funded care for veterans.  It also had, at one time, a separate general hospital.  They provided for most of their own food on their patient-run farm full of hogs and cattle and vegetables.  Staff lived on the grounds with subsidized housing.  The cost of the housing, food, and laundry was deducted from their paychecks (Wikipedia -- Elgin Mental Health Center, 2019).

It has gone through several name changes, with it's very first name being Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the INsane, opening in 1872.  It had a man-made lake designed to not only provide tranquility for staff and patients, but also extra water for fire protection.  The hospital "was often involved with notable research in medical and behavioral advances and served as a training ground for many physicians and other disciplines ...." (Asylum Projects, 2017).



File:Elgin11.png
Northen Illinois Hospital for the Insane
(Asylum Projects, 2017)

File:elgin1920.png
Dormatory, Home for Ex-Service Veterans, Elgin State Hospital
(Asylum Projects, 2017)
I don't have any record of Joseph Tapp in the military

Main building shortly after completion
(Asylum Projects, 2017)


Main Entrance Building at Elgin State Hospital
(Asylum Projects, 2017)


Illinois Northern Hospital for the Insane, Elgin, Ill.
(Asylum Projects, 2017)
This view shows the large lake

1891 Sanborn Map of the Illinois Northern Insane Hospital
(Asylum Projects, 2017)




File:BelvidereDailyRepublicanMay121913.jpg
Patients Lose Identity
From The Belvedere Daily Republican
12 May 1913
(Asylum Projects, 2017)




World War Veterans' Building at Elgin State Hospital
The Belvidere Daily Republican
23 May 1922
(Asylum Projects, 2017)


Jacksonville Illinois Daily Journal
29 July 1920
(Asylum Projects, 2017)




Original doors and architectural features
still remained during demolition 1993
(Wikipedia -- Elgin Mental Health Center, 2019)



File:ESH CB Room.jpg
One of the interior rooms with two patient beds 1993
(Wikipedia -- Elgin Mental Health Center, 2019)
taken before demolition

Italianate style windows 1993
(Wikipedia -- Elgin Mental Health Center, 2019)
taken before demolition




Youtube video about this hospital

Veterans' Ward of the Elgin State Hospital

Dave Edlen uploaded this video.  Here's what he said about it

The Elgin Mental Health Center of Elgin, Illinois was formerly named the Elgin State Hospital. It once housed a separate, federally funded facility for the care of disabled veterans. From 1932 to 1949 my grandfather, John W. Nelson, was employed by the Illinois Division of Veterans’ Services and worked as a service officer at this facility. He made this film around 1934 showing the hospital grounds, his co-workers, the veterans that he cared for, and some of their activities and special events. Some of the people named in the film are Dr. Charles F. Read, Miss Myrl Leonard, Mrs. Julia Mumme, Miss Della Williams, Miss Lorna M. Beadles, and Miss Grace Hopper. Most of the participants seen in this film were probably veterans of the First World War.






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Resources

Asylum Projects. (2017, May 8). Elgin State Hospital. Retrieved December 8, 2019, from Asylum Projects Wiki: https://www.asylumprojects.org/index.php/Elgin_State_Hospital

Harding, W. G. (2018). Warren G. Harding Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/warren_g_harding

Everett, R. (2007, December 24). Find a Grave memorial page for Joseph W. Tapp (1 May 1857 - 21 September 1924). Retrieved December 7, 2019, from Find a Grave: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/23547803#source

Illinois County Marriage Records. (1922). Richard and Olive Tapp Woods marriage record. Retrieved 2018, from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

The Lynden Tribune, Lynden, Washington. (1921, August 4). 1921 Clip Art Corsets. Retrieved May 26, 2018, from Newspapers.com: newspapers.com

The Lynden Tribune, Lynden, Washington. (1921, September 1). 1921 Clip Art Women's Clothing. Retrieved May 26, 2018, from Newspapers.com: Newspapers.com

Wikipedia -- Elgin Mental Health Center. (2019, December 7). Elgin Mental Health Center. Retrieved December 8, 2019, from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgin_Mental_Health_Center

Wikipedia -- Harding. (2018, May 26). Warren G. Harding. Retrieved May 27, 2018, from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_G._Harding


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Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Joseph Ware Tapp part 7 1910s

Joseph Ware Tapp 1910s

1910 -- Federal Census
1917 Death of sister Isadore Tapp Campbell; America Enters WWI

1910

Census, Randolph, McLean County, Illinois


Joseph Ware Tapp 1910 Randolph, McLean IL

This is another great census for information.  We find our family with three children missing.  It was a practice for them to send the girls to work as domestic servants.  I think this is the case for Sadie and Clara.  Harry I am still working on.  Hold, please .... 

Okay, yes, I found Harry.  He is 17 years old, working as a hired hand on a Reyburn farm.  His name was indexed poorly, as Taupp.  Since Reyburn is a maternal grandmother maiden name, these are probably cousins he works for.

Sadie, in 1910, is working as a servant for the Albert Hanover family.  She is 19 years old, working in Bloomington Illinois as a housekeeper.

Clara is age 15, working as a servant for the James Riley family in Randolph, McLean County, Illinois

How did these girls find these positions?  They were quite young.  Did they advertise for a position, or did they answer an advertisement?  Was the position found by word of mouth?  Did Joseph and Laura interview the family before sending their little girls off?  I suspect, Momma Laura trained her girls to work hard and to live honestly.  There was no helicopter parenting in this time.  These girls were considered old enough to make their way in the world.  And they all did very well.



Randolph Township, McLean County, Illinois

McLean County's location in Illinois
McLean County's location in Illinois
(Wikipedia -- Randolph Township, 2018)

Location in McLean County
Randolph Township location within McLean County
(Wikipedia -- Randolph Township, 2018)


Historical Insight -- Adam Forepaugh and Sells Brothers Circus

The foreign performers, trained animals, and incredible stunts of the Adam Forepaugh and Sells Brothers Circus probably awed Joseph Ware Tapp of Randolph, Illinois in 1910 -- (Ancestry.com Historical Insights, 2019)


1911 Adam Forepaugh and Sells Brothers Circus 4
About 1896.  Credit:  Library of Congress
(Ancestry.com Historical Insights, 2019)

Forepaugh's circus was the first to have a separate big top tent for the menagerie.  Performing in places as famous as Madison Square Garden, the show and its exotic features were wildly popular until it performed its last tour in 1911 (Ancestry.com Historical Insights, 2019).


In other news -- Japan annexes Korea;  Halley's Comet shows up;  King George V (Windsor) begins his reign (OurTimelines.com, 2018).




WWI



1911

In other news:  -- In 1911, Roald Amundsen reaches the South Pole.   In 1912, Titanic sinks; New Mexico enters the union as the 47th state, with Arizona becoming the 48th state, while Alaska organized as a territory (OurTimelines.com, 2018).


(The Lancaster Morning Journal, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1911)


1913

Woodrow Wilson becomes the 28th President of the United States

He served from 1913 to 1921.  He was a Democrat, President of Princeton University, and New Jersey Governor.  He lead the US during World War I (Wikipedia -- Wilson, 2018)


(Wikipedia -- Wilson, 2018)
Quote:  "The man who is swimming against the stream knows the strength of it" -- Woodrow Wilson (Wilson, 2018)


1912 teeth transplant, The Day Book, Chicago IL April
from Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov



Historical Insight -- Great Lakes Storm of 1913 

In 1913, Joseph Ware Tapp was living in Randolph, Illinois when a devastating storm furiously slammed the Great Lakes.   Hurricane-force winds of 90 miles-per-hour, towering waves over 35 feet, and whiteout blizzard conditions inundated the Great Lakes between November 7 and November 10, 1913 (Historical Insights -- Great Lakes Storm of 1913, 1913).

Credit:  Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
(Historical Insights -- Great Lakes Storm of 1913, 1913)

1914


In other news
In 1914, World War I began in this year.  The Bra became a thing women needed.  
In 1915, Einstein's Theory of Relativity.  
In 1916, the Irish Easter Rebellion flared up;  Sonar is invented (OurTimelines.com, 2018).



1912 train-vintage-graphicsfairy008
(Watson, 2018)


1917

Death of sister Isadore Tapp, Sand Prairie, Tazewell County, Illinois.

She died 4 February 1917.  She had been married to Wilbur Campbell, had three daughters and two sons.  Her Find a Grave memorial, created by Roberta Everett in 2007, can be found here.


Historical Insight -- America Enters World War I

When the United States declared war on Germany in 1917, Joseph Ware Tapp was probably living in Randolph, Illinois.  President Wilson's speech to Congress was published across the United Sates.  On April 6, 1917, he asked that "all officers, civil or military, of the United States that they exercise vigilance and zeal in the discharge of the duties incident to such a state of war" (Ancestry Historical Insights, 2019).


7 April 1917, San Francisco, California
Credit:  San Francisco Chronicle/Newspapers.com
(Ancestry Historical Insights, 2019)

While some Americans criticized President Wilson for going back on his promise to remain neutral, most eagerly put their backs into the war effort, supporting the four and a half million American soldiers who served in Western Europe (Ancestry Historical Insights, 2019).


In other news:
In 1917, Russian revolution starts; US enters WWI.
In 1918, the Flu epidemic lasted two years, yet killed 25 million or more US citizens;  Prohibition started and would last the rest of Joseph's life.
In 1919, the League of Nations instituted;  Shortwave Radio invented (OurTimelines.com).



(The Des Moines Register, Des Moines, Iowa, 1912)


1919

Historical Insight -- Paris Peace Conference

The British delegation negotiated the awarding of mandates over territory
previously controlled by Germany and the Ottoman Empire.
1919, Paris, France
Credit:  Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
(Ancestry Historical Insights, 2019)

If you like what you see, be sure to subscribe, and consider supporting me on my patreon page

--------------------

Resources

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2019). 1919 Paris Peace Conference. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry.com Historical Insights. (2019). Adam Forepaugh and Sells Brothers Circus. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2019). America Enters World War I. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Historical Insights -- Great Lakes Storm of 1913. (1913). Great Lakes Storm of 1913. Retrieved March 20, 2018, from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com


OurTimelines.com. (2018). TimeLines. (Timelines courtesy of www.ourtimelines.com. Timeline formatting and technology copyright © 2000-2018 ourtimelines.com, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED under the Pan-American Conventions.) Retrieved from OurTimeLines.com: http://ourtimelines.com/


The Des Moines Register, Des Moines, Iowa. (1912, July 8). 1912 clip art, medication, Save the Babies. Retrieved April 3, 2017, from Newspapers.com: Newspapers.com

The Lancaster Morning Journal, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. (1911, April 22). Roald Amundsen South Pole Expedition. Retrieved November 27, 2019, from Newspapers.com: Newspapers.com


Watson, K. (2018). Various Graphics and Illustrations. Retrieved from Graphics Fairy: https://thegraphicsfairy.com/

Wikipedia -- Randolph Township. (2018, April). Randolph Township, McLean County, Illinois. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randolph_Township,_McLean_County,_Illinois

Wikipedia -- Wilson. (2018). Woodrow Wilson, 28th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson

Wilson, W. (2018). Woodrow Wilson Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/woodrow_wilson


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Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Joseph Ware Tapp part 6 1900s

Joseph Ware Tapp 1900s




1900

Census, La Prairie, Marshall County, Illinois


Joseph Ware Tapp 1900 La Prairie, Marshall IL

This family is the fourth family on this set.  No street, no house number.  This was a working farm.  I love the 1900 census because we get month and year of birth, how many years married, and how many children born, and how many are still living.  We can see that Laura Tapp had just the five children so far, with all of them living.  They are in La Prairie Township in Marshall County, had moved here from West Toulon, Stark County Illinois sometime since the last available census 20 years ago.


Google Maps, Toulon to La Prairie IL

According to Google Maps directions 2019, we can see it is less than a 30 minute drive.  So, not too far away.


1900 William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt Campaign poster
(Wikipedia -- McKinley, 2018)



In other news -- Galveston Hurricane kills 8,000 people; Hawaii is organized as a territory (OurTimelines.com, 2018).


1ladyliberty003




1901


Birth of twins, son Harold Alfred Tapp and daughter Helen Alice Tapp
Secondary sources only.  Four federal censuses from 1910 to 1940.  Iowa State Census 1905.  Social Security Death Index.  Tertieary sources include Public Records, Obituary and Find A Grave.  

Helen's Ancestry profile and Find a Grave profile can be accessed by clicking on the links.  Helen is buried in Eastlawn Cemetery in Beloit, Rock County Wisconsin.  Her memorial was created in 2004 by Straws Sween.

Harold's Ancestry profile are on this link.  Sources for Harold include an Indiana marriage and death certificates, and WWII draft card.  No Find a Grave.  



Death of brother Alfred Castle Tapp
He died in Ottumwa, Wapella County, Iowa.  His Ancestry profile is here.   His Find a Grave memorial created by Alice Wehmhoener 2008 is here.  



President McKinley is assassinated!  Theodore Roosevelt becomes the 26th President of the United States 

He served from 1901 to 1909.  His face is on Mount Rushmore.  He is generally ranked as one of the five best presidents (Wikipedia -- Roosevelt, T., 2018).


1901 Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President
(Wikipedia -- Roosevelt, T., 2018)





Quote:  -- "People ask the difference between a leader and a boss.  The leader leads, and the boss drives" -- Theodore Roosevelt (Roosevelt T., 2018).


In other news --  In 1901:  The commonwealth of Australia is founded; the first British submarine is launched; oil is discovered in Texas in significant amounts;  Max Planck formulates the Laws of Radiation; the Third law of thermodynamics is postulated by W.H. Nernst;  King Edward VII begins his reign over Saxe-Coberg.  In other news -- In 1903, Airplanes are developed; Nikola Tesla patents logic gates.   In other news -- In 1904, Radar is developed (OurTimelines.com).



1900 Clip Art Concord NH Directory page 463 horse 3



1905



Birth of son Glenn Reyburn Tapp

2 January 1905, Glenn Reyburn Tapp was born in Albert City, Buena Vista, Iowa.  He was the eighth child.  Was Laura pregnant when they moved to this area?  They moved sometime between mid-summer of 1900 when the Federal Census was taken, and January 1905 when Baby Glenn was born.  His middle name, Reyburn, was his maternal grandmother's maiden name, Sarah Ann Reyburn Watkins Swope.  Glen married twice, had four daughters, and died in 1977 in Beloit, Rock County Wisconsin.  Glenn's Ancestry profile is here.  His Find a Grave memorial created by Alice Wehmhoener in 2010 is here.  It is also an orphaned memorial for which I will request to manage until a more suitable manager comes along.



State Census, Fairfield, Buena Vista County, Iowa

Not much information added except we know where they lived in 1905, their post office was Albert City, and we know the names of their children.  Glenn was still an infant, since he was born this year.  The first is an image of the actual census.  The second is an index found on Ancestry.com


Joseph Ware Tapp 1905 Iowa State Census
Joseph Ware Tapp 1905 Iowa State Census Index
Ancestry.com


Google Maps cannot find Albert City, Iowa, but Wikipedia has it.  It is a city in Buena Vista County and as of 2010 it had a population of 699 residents (Wikipedia -- Albert City, Iowa, 2019)


Location of Albert City, Iowa
Location of Albert City, Iowa
Coordinates: 42°46′51″N 94°57′2″W
(Wikipedia -- Albert City, Iowa, 2019)

Wonder what took them so far away from home?  What was going on in Illinois that they needed to find a farming job way out west?  For Joseph Ware Tapp was an tenant farmer.  He never owned his own land that I am aware of, but he farmed land owned by others.  I don't know if he was very good, but his children all looked healthy and happy.


1900 Clip Art Concord NH Directory, fish
(Concord NH Directory, 1900)


1907

Death of brother George Washington Tapp

He died on 10 March 1907, in Kansas City, Clay County, Missouri.  I only have the teriary source, Find a Grave, which memorial is here.  According to this source, he was only about 55 years old, he is buried in Linwood Cemetery, Galesburg, Knox County, Illinois.  His memorial was created by Shawdau in 2014.


In other news -- Plastic is developed (which will eventually cause a huge plastic island in the ocean); Oklahoma enters the Union as the 46th state (OurTimelines.com).


1900 Clip Art Concord NH Directory, horse detail
(Concord NH Directory, 1900)




1908


1908 Taft Sherman Campaign Poster
(Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018)


In other news: -- Tunguska atmospheric object exploded over the Russian Tundra (OurTimelines.com).  Want to learn more?  Click on this link right here.  Okay, so Wikipedia is not a creditable source, but you can also look at the NASA Science article here!


1900 Clip Art Concord NH Directory, meat
(Concord NH Directory, 1900)



1909


William Howard Taft becomes the 27th President of the United States

He was the 10th Chief Justice of the US, the only person to have held both offices.  The vice president became president when Theodore Roosevelt was assassinated, and was deveated by Woodrow Wilson after splitting the Republican Party by running as a third party candidate (Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018).


1909 William Howard Taft, 27th President
(Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018)


Quote: -- "The day is not far distant when three Stars and Stripes at three equidistant points will mark our territory:  One at the North Pole, another at the Panama Canal, and the third at the South Pole.  The whole hemisphere will be ours in fact as, by virtue of our superiority of race, it is already ours morally" (Taft, 2018)


In other news: -- The North Pole is reached by Matthew Henson of Robert Peary's expedition;  Union of South Africa is formed (OurTimelines.com, 2018). 



1900 Clip Art Concord NH Directory, Brass and iron founder
(Concord NH Directory, 1900)




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Become a Patron!




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Resources

Concord NH Directory. (1900). 1900 Clip Art. Retrieved from Concord New Hampshire.

OurTimelines.com. (2018). TimeLines. (Timelines courtesy of www.ourtimelines.com. Timeline formatting and technology copyright © 2000-2018 ourtimelines.com, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED under the Pan-American Conventions.) Retrieved from OurTimeLines.com: http://ourtimelines.com/

Roosevelt, T. (2018, December). Theodore Roosevelt Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuote: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/theodore_roosevelt

Taft, W. H. (2018). William Howard Taft Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/william_howard_taft

Wikipedia -- Albert City, Iowa. (2019, September 11). Albert City, Iowa. Retrieved November 26, 2019, from Wikipedia.com: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_City,_Iowa

Wikipedia -- McKinley. (2018, December). William McKinley, 25th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_McKinley

Wikipedia -- Roosevelt. (2018, December). Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt

Wikipedia -- Taft. (2018). William Howard Taft, 27th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Howard_Taft




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